Types of excavators

The term comes from the Dutch excavator (see Dredgers), indicating
there originally a sand or sludge scraper (a busy port at the bottom
exposing workers activity) [1]
Definitions
Backhoe
Use in HafenCity
Excavator as a road vehicle
Mini Excavators
8 t excavators working envelope
Mobile crawler crane
Mobile Crane
Size comparison between bucket and excavator
Differentiation by type
Discontinuous backhoe (recording, transportation, Unloading)
Hydraulic excavator (backhoe state)
Backhoe
Shovel excavator
Telescopic excavator
Dragline excavators, bucket rope excavators, draglines
Grief spoon excavators (with rope)
Flat excavator (travel trailers)
Bulldozer

Wheel levellers (dozers)
Scraper (dragline)
Graders (road or graders)
Scrapedozers (caterpillar dragline)
Combination vehicles
Backhoe
Excavator steadily (continuous promotion)
Bucket
Bucket chain excavators
Dredger
Dredging for underwater excavation mostly as hopper dredgers, dredging
or dredging boat called, mainly used to deepen waterways and ports,
for the promotion of sand and gravel extraction operation or for land
reclamation.
When mounted on a truck design that is also gentle to the grave
excavation (roots, trunks) or pumping sludge, for example in the field
of municipal wastewater, the use
Distinction between the dominant driving
The first excavators were all crawler crane whose boom and bucket or
dragline usually with a two-way cable structure is moved. In such
constructions, the biggest swing excavators based in mining. Since
these are very difficult to control, hydraulic excavators have now
generally enforced, linearly movable hydraulic cylinders which allow a
much more precise steering.
Distinction on the type of driving or walking work
Crawler Excavator (tracked vehicle) with an operating weight go up to
1000 tons, on the caterpillars. In surface mining shovels were moved
up to 6500 tonnes on 4 double-chain drive.
Excavator, also known as the excavator with an operating weight of
about 8 tons to 100 tons, which always go on wheels. Most excavators
have a four-wheel drive.
All-terrain walking excavator may proceed on the excavator and the
pair of wheels (like running hobble), about 10 t. In the largest open
pit dragline to walk two to four "shoes", so far 13 500 t. While
working, they sit on a round base plate.
Two-way excavator
Differentiation by size
Mini excavator with an operating weight of about 1 ton to 6 tons, run
regularly on the rubber tracks. The smallest excavator has a width of
less than 1 m and can therefore also be good for specific tasks within
buildings can be used (eg with hydraulic hammer for small demolition).
Midi excavator with an operating weight of about 7 tons to 10 tons,
the drive wheels on A. i..
Distinction based on the construction
Short-tail excavator - among them stands the counterweight during
lateral tilting did not go beyond the undercarriage.
Hüllkreisbagger can also draw on the grave until the vessel
superstructure and therefore turn a small area.
Distinction to the operating environment
Dry excavator
Dredging
General Descriptions
An excavator is characterized as a rule by a 360 ° rotating design
with a boom mounted on the end of an attachment can be. There are
two-piece boom, the boom will be called, and Mono boom. The boom and
attachments are moved by hydraulics. Therefore, it is also called
hydraulic excavator. In addition, there are also rope excavators,
bucket wheel excavators, backhoe or trenching, dredgers etc.
As a special variant, two-way excavator is able to drive on the tracks
of railroads. There are also walking excavator with two wheels and two
columns specifically for rough terrain.
In contrast to the backhoe loader is a state's work through his far
arm raised and lowered in a position to also significantly below its
own state level, and is thus preferable to dig pits and the like.
used. A combination of the two makes the backhoe dar.
Excavators have almost always only a driver's seat. It is only
required to drive the class L, since their specific design speed is
usually not higher than 20 km / h.
Attachments
Strainer spoon

O & K RH 30-D shovel excavator

(OilQuick) quick coupling connection at a tipping bucket

Hydraulically driven vibrator plate (OilQuick)
There are the following attachments:
Bucket
Shovel
Ditch
Swing bucket
Degradation spoon
Spoon drain
Grab
Sorting Grab
Combination spoon / spoon versatility
Hook
Wrecking Ball
Hydraulic Hammers / Breakers / Demolition Chisel (hydraulically operated)
Demolition Shears / Scissors concrete (hydraulic operated) (see abort)
Ripper
Grief tooth / excavator thumb
Bohrgeschirr
Mill
Tiltrotators
Bucket crusher
Vibration Plate
Grating blade or screening bucket, shovel grill
Rotationssieblöffel
Knife slash
Between the above attachments the excavator arm and usually a
quick-change device is installed (on the photo of the crawler
excavator good to see painted red). This allows the attachment in the
shortest possible time the excavator driver change, without having to
leave his cab.
Excavators for special operations
A Liebherr R 914 excavator equipment with embankment
For special applications such as dikes or generally creating slope
profiles are used excavator with a particularly long or telescopic
booms, which allow a larger range of better and more accurate surface
machining.
A long front excavator is a special type of machine, which is usually
used for demolition of tall buildings.
Distinguish is the excavator of the Long Reach excavators which are
developed for other areas of responsibility.
A long front excavator comes standard with a long front boom, which
basically consists of three parts. Two long boom sections are
connected with a short middle piece and so flexible and universally
controllable. Generally, a normal backhoe attachment is available
which can be exchanged with the long front boom.

An excavator LIEBHERR 934 with long front from the demolition of a
multi-storey building
Long front excavator can cancel building with a height of up to 60 m,
a novelty in this field is a long front telescopic excavator
demolition of a Dutch company with 62 m vertical.
Manufacturer
Caterpillar crawler excavators

Hitachi Excavator ZX250LCN-3

Cat M318 mobile excavator

Excavator with hydraulic hammer in a quarry
Major manufacturers of excavators (sorted alphabetically) are:
Atlas (from 2001 to 2010 Terex-Atlas)
Ahlmann Construction
Ammann Yanmar
Bobcat
Boki
Bucyrus International
Case CE
Caterpillar
CSM
Doosan (formerly Daewoo)
Etec (A)
Eurocomach
€ Mach
Foton Lovol International Heavy Industry Co. Ltd.., China
Gallmac
Gehl
Hanix
Harnischfeger
Haulotte
Hefei
Hidromek
Hitachi Construction Machinery
Hunan Sunward Intelligent Machinery Co., Ltd.., China
Hydrema Construction Ltd.
Hyundai Motor Company
JCB
John Deere
Kaiser AG vehicle factory
KATO
Kiefer GmbH
Kobelco
Komatsu Germany GmbH
Kramer (company)
Kubota
Lanz
Liebherr
Liugong, China
Macmoter
Mallaga
Mecalac
Menzi Muck
Neuson
New Holland Construction
NOBAS
Pawling & Harnischfeger P & H crawler cranes
PelJob
Querzola GmbH
Samsung
Sany Heavy Industry, China
Sennebogen Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Takeuchi
Terex GmbH
Topcatt
Volvo Construction Equipment
Wacker Neuson
Xuzhon Construction Machinery Group Inc., China
Yuchai Engineering Machinery Company Ltd.., China
Manufacturers are no longer existent:
Akerman (S), now Volvo
ARA (FIN)
Bavaria
Benati (I), now CNH
Benmac (D / I)
Benoto (F)
Benfra (I)
Brunieri (I)
Buenger (D)
Cosmote (I)
Demag
Eder
Ertmer
Fuchs, today Terex / Fuchs
Furukawa (F)
Gottwald
Gross
Guria (ES)
Hatra
Halla (KO), today Hyundai
Hanomag
Hymac (GB)
International Harvester IHC (F)
Klonne (D)
Kockum Landsverk (S)
Laltesi (I)
Marion Power Shovel, today at Bucyrus International
Schaeff, today TEREX / Schaeff
Menck & Hambrock
Ogela
O & K Orenstein & Koppel, now New Holland
Poclain (F), now Case
Richier (F)
Priestman (GB)
Simit (I), now CNH
Tracts (F)
VEB Weimar plant
Weserhütte
Wieger
Wilhag
Witten excavator plant
Yumbo (F)
Records
The largest bucket wheel excavators. The technology industry in 1978
by Krupp-built model "288" is currently working in Garzweiler (RWE
Power), and since its commissioning until now the largest excavator in
the world. He has a service weight of 12 840 t, a height of 96 m and a
length of 215 m.

Big Muskie
The next order of magnitude dragline cable with electric drive and
walking mechanism. The Big Muskie [2] worked in the 1970s and 1980s in
the United States. He had an operating weight of 13,500 tons and a
bucket capacity of 166 m³.
The largest cable-driven shovel excavator in the 6360 Marion was
called with chain drive, captain, of Marion Power Shovel in the United
States. The weight was 12 700 t service and the bucket had a capacity
of 138 m³. He was scrapped 1992nd The next largest excavator shovel
named Big Brutus may be considered.
The largest hydraulic excavator in the world is the Bucyrus RH 400
(formerly Orenstein & Koppel) with 980 t operating weight and an
engine power of 3360 kW (about 4500 hp). The grave vessel in the
bucket version holds 52 m³ (SAE 2:1). It is produced in Germany, in
the Bucyrus plant in Dortmund Dorstfeld.
Noise
As an indication of the noise from a typical excavator in a WHO
report, 90 dB at 10 m, ie about 32 sone were given.
Security
In Germany, an annual review of UVV (under the guidelines of
professional associations) required for excavators.
A qualification (ticket) for guiding excavators is in Germany a
prerequisite for the proper use of all power-driven machinery
(including trucks) under the guidelines of professional associations.
Model
It is fully functional, funkferngesteurte excavator models that can
perform minor earthworks. As the big hydraulic excavators they have
one.
Cultural significance
In the relevant television programs such as gambling, dass., There was
once again betting interesting what you can do with an excavator, for
example, how light a lighter or play tennis.